DOI: 10.22281/2413-9912-2023-09-01-37-53

Kalashnikov A.V.

THE MAIN FEDERAL LEGISLATIVE ACTS IN RELATION
TO THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES DURING THE PRESIDENTIAL
AND CONGRESSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION (1863-1870)

The article examines the application of federal and local legislation in the South of the United States during the periods of presidential (1863-1867) and Congressional (1867-1870) Reconstruction. After the end of the Civil War, the American state faced the problem of integrating the rebellious states into the victorious progressive system of legislation. The study provides a new perspective on the role of personality in historical events in the southern United States, as well as the influence of traditional political parties on the development of the situation. The role of the interests and independent participation of the black population in the described processes is reflected. A systematic approach was chosen as the key method of work, which makes it possible to reveal the stated topic most fully. The study is based on a comparison of the sources of the specified period — Acts of Reconstruction, presidential Proclamations. Based on the reviewed material, it is concluded that unexpected political changes in the leadership of the country and the ruling Republican Party at that time, as well as unaccounted for local specifics, due to ill thought, forced the abandonment of the original plans and significantly changed the meaning, and sometimes the very content of the adopted acts. Thus, in the end, these circumstances contributed to the defeat of the Reconstruction policy in the South.

Keywords: Reconstruction, Lincoln, Johnson, Republicans, Democrats, Freedmen’s Bureau, conventions.

Bryansk State University named after Academician I.G. Petrovsky (Russia).

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