№1-2020-06
Karpiyevich V. A.
THE FORMATION OF THE BOURGEOISIA IN THE BELARUSIAN GOVERNMENTS IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD (THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY)
The article studies the bourgeoisie formation problem in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19-th century. The aim of the research is to study the problem of the bourgeoisie formation in the 19-th century and the peculiarities of the process in Belarus. The objectives of the study are comparison of the conditions for the bourgeoisie formation in the Russian Empire and in the Belarusian provinces, specification of the background for the bourgeoisie formation and its composition. The approaches to the term “bourgeoisie”, different interpretations of this conception in the scientific and research literature of different periods are represented. It is claimed in the article that in Belarusian historiography this issue has not yet been studied. And though in the entire empire the similar transformations connected with the serfdom cancellation and the modernization of Russia took place, the Belarusian provinces had their own specific features. In Belarus the base for the bourgeoisie formation were the representatives of the commercial and industrial part of the population, prominent wealthy financiers, and besides the process of bourgeoisification of a certain part of the landowners who took part in industrial production also took place. At the same time the process of the agrarian bourgeoisie formation was going very slowly.
Keywords: bourgeoisie, belarusian governments, entrepreneurship, industry, capitalism, trade, banks, modernization.
University of Civil Protection of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of Belarus (Belarus)
