№4-2021-06
Zarubina K. A.
KURSK PROVINCIAL GENDARMERIE DEPARTMENT
IN THE XIX-EARLY XX CENTURIES
The article examines the history of the creation of the Kursk provincial gendarmerie department in the XIX-early XX centuries. In 1867, instead of gendarmerie districts (except for the Caucasian, Warsaw and Siberian districts), provincial gendarmerie departments were created, and the functions of these departments expanded. In the same year, the Kursk provincial Gendarmerie Department was also established. One of the main tasks of the gendarmes’ activities is the production of investigations of political crimes, as well as investigative activities. The head of the KGZHU was the head of the department, who had an adjutant, clerks and additional staff at his disposal. The main tasks of the gendarmes ‘ activities included conducting investigations on political cases, monitoring political moods in society (protecting external and internal order in the province), and monitoring state criminals. To implement the above-mentioned powers, several parts were established as part of the KGZHU: combat, economic, investigative and observation. Since 1880 the gendarmerie in police functions became subordinate to the Police Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and in the military – to the Military Ministry. Certain elements of the work of the political police demonstrated their effectiveness and were later «borrowed» by the Soviet government. The KGZHU was finally abolished in March 1917.
Keywords: gendarmes, gendarmerie department, gendarmerie corps, inquiry, political crime, arrest, police, state criminal.
South-West State University, Kursk (Russia),
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