№1-2023-05
№1-2023-05
DOI: 10.22281/2413-9912-2023-07-01-47-54
Vyrupaeva A.P.
SOVIET IDEOLOGY AGAINST «MAGIC»: THE STRUGGLE WITH THE FAIRY TALE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1920S
Many contemporary researchers are interested in the Soviet children’s literature of the 1920s. As a rule, the topic of one or another field of propaganda attracts the historians’ attention. The symbols of power and subordination, images of leaders, enemies and friends, portrayed in the post-revolutionary children’s literature, turn out to be especially in demand. In this regard, fairy tales with traditionally brighter features are of particular interest for research. In the 1920s in the USSR, a fierce dispute began on the necessity of fairy tales for children’s reading. The objections of critics, among other things, were caused by folklore characters and themes, which, from their point of view, contradicted the ideas of building a new Soviet society. The fairy tale abounded with such components hostile to the Soviet ideology as magic, transcendence, sentimentality, figures of high society. Nadezhda Krupskaya led the attackers, Korney Chukovsky was among those in defense. The presented article analyzes the correlation between the ideological demands of the Bolshevik government, on the one hand, and nature of classical fairy tale characters and plots, on the other. A significant part of fairy tale characters and themes related to magic came into conflict with such ideological characteristics of the Soviet government as egalitarianism and materialism. A number of familiar fairy-tale characters were deemed as objectionable, among which were Ivan Tsarevich, bearers of the «dark forces» and some animals.
Keywords: children’s literature, fairy tale, ideology, pioneer, octobrists, realism, Korney Chukovsky, Nadezhda Krupskaya, «Murzilka», Baba Yaga, bad wolf.
International Institute of Design and Service, Chelyabinsk(Russia)
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