№1-2023-17
№1-2023-17
DOI: 10.22281/2413-9912-2023-07-01-155-162
Turygin A.A.
PAN-GERMANISM: A NON-GERMAN VIEW ON THE GERMAN PROBLEM IN THE END OF THE 19TH – BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURIES
The article deals with assessments and interpretations of Pan-Germanism in the works of historians and publicists of the early 20th century. They were united by their non-German origin and the desire to present Pan-Germanism as an integral phenomenon of a national and pan-European character. The interest of historians in Germany is associated with the activation of its foreign policy and the beginning of the First World War. Pan-Germanism is seen as a nationalist ideology, social movement and foreign policy of the government of the German Empire in the era of Wilhelm II (1888˗1918). French, British and American scholars, who published their work on the eve of the First World War, seek to understand, on the basis of the sources available to them, the causes of Pan-Germanism, the conditions for its emergence and the nature of its influence on the course of European history. The author focuses on the intuitive nature of the interpretations of Pan-Germanism, referring to the concept of «remote vision», taken from the analytical psychology of the early twentieth century. In this regard, attempts to comprehend Pan-Germanism were largely determined by personal experience, political predilections, and the nature of the development of diplomatic relations between countries. On the example of French historiography of the first quarter of the twentieth century. the experience of an objective scientific analysis of German history (Ch. Andler, A. Lichtenberger) and the creation of the French school of German studies are considered. Published but not previously translated into Russian texts by foreign historians are introduced into scientific circulation.
Keywords: Pan-Germanism, ideology, nationalism, historiography, German studies, intellectuals, World War I, opinion journalism, imperialism.
Kostroma State University (Russia)
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